Drilling Equipment’s
Drilling is a significant process carried out to extract trapped resources from beneath the earth. This is done by making holes into the earth crust with the use of a long bit attached to a drilling string. The bit has several diameters ranging from 5 to 50 inches. After each drilling phase, a steel pipe that is quite smaller than the hole is then inserted, while cement is used to fill the voids. Below are some equipment necessary for drilling.
Drill String and Bit
Drill string refers to a set of drill pipes connected to each other. This equipment enables field operators to deliver rotation, weight, and fluid to the bottom of a drilled oil well. The drilling bit on the other hand facilitates breaking of rock formation during the oil well drilling process.
Derrick
Derrick is referred to as a set of frameworks which is built over an oil well to enable drill pipes to be pushed into the well. A derrick is usually pyramidal in shape and is designed to be tall enough to push sections of drill pipes through greater depth. It comprises a boom hinged at the base to provide articulation and a self-supporting tower.
A derrick is controlled with three or four lines attached to the uppermost part of the mast to foster lateral movement as well as lifting and dropping.
Blowout Preventer
Blowout preventer (also known as BOP) is a large valve, specially designed to be mounted above oil wells during and after the drilling process. The sole function of this equipment is to control the flow of fluids that could move in and out the well. During the drilling process, a kick may occur. When this happens, salt water, oil or gas fluids begin to flow into the well. To prevent this, reliable oil and gas valves should be used.
Top Drive
This is a motor that is suspended from the mast. It is responsible for navigating the drill string and tools during well drilling. It’s a drill rig component responsible for the upward and downward movement across the mast. It allows longer pipe drilling and can serve as an alternative to a rotary table.